|
A space station is a manned satellite designed to remain in low Earth orbit for a long period of time. In general, space stations have the ability for other spacecraft to dock to them. , the International Space Station and ''Tiangong 1'' are the only operational space stations currently in orbit. Previous stations include the Salyut and Almaz series, ''Skylab'', and, most recently, ''Mir''. Space stations are used to study the effects of long-term space flight on the human body. They also serve as a platform for extended scientific studies.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Space Stations )〕 All space stations have been designed with the intention of rotating multiple crews, with each crew member staying aboard the station for weeks or months, but rarely more than a year. , Vladimir Titov, Musa Manarov, and Valeriy Polyakov have completed single missions of over a year, all aboard ''Mir''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A History of Manned Space Missions )〕 Space stations have been used for both military and civilian purposes. The first military-use space station was ''Salyut 2'', which was launched by the Soviet Almaz program in 1973.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Space Stations, Space Agencies, Space Laboratories, Space Obervatory, Space Missions )〕 The Soviet Union also claimed the first civilian space station with the launch of Salyut 1. , Russia, China, and private companies are building space stations. == Past stations == These stations have re-entered the atmosphere and disintegrated. The Soviet Union ran two programs simultaneously, both of which were known to the outside world as Salyut. The Long Duration Orbital Station (DOS) program was intended for scientific research into spaceflight. The Almaz program was a secret military program that tested space reconnaissance tactics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Station: Russian Space History )〕 } | align="center" | | | | | | | | |- ! scope="row" | ''Skylab'' | NASA | Skylab | align="center" | | align="center" | | align="center" | | | 〕}} | | | | 〕}} | |- ! scope="row" | ''Salyut 3'' | USSR | Almaz〔 | align="center" | | align="center" | | align="center" | | | | | | | | |- ! scope="row" | ''Salyut 4'' | USSR | DOS | align="center" | | align="center" | | align="center" | | | | | | | | |- ! scope="row" | ''Salyut 5'' | USSR | Almaz〔 | align="center" | | align="center" | | align="center" | | | | | | | | |- ! scope="row" | ''Salyut 6'' | USSR | DOS〔 | align="center" | | align="center" | | align="center" | | | | | | | | |- ! scope="row" | ''Salyut 7'' | USSR | DOS〔 | align="center" | | align="center" | | align="center" | | | | | | | | |- ! scope="row" | ''Mir'' | | DOS | align="center" | | align="center" | | align="center" | | | | | | | | |} 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of space stations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|